Exercises

Answers follow at the end. Parts A through D ask you to work from the table in chapter 2 and the rules in chapters 4 and 5: check your reasoning against the key, not just your answer.

Part A: Read the tengwa. Name the sound or the tengwa, whichever the item withholds.

  1. What tengwa carries k?
  2. What sound does hyarmen carry?
  3. What tengwa carries sh?
  4. What sound does vala carry?
  5. What tengwa carries n?

Part B: Place the tehta. For each word, say which vowel rides above which consonant, left to right. None of these five have a hiatus.

  1. melu
  2. manuwe
  3. shonela
  4. keruko
  5. towe

Part C: Find the hiatus. Each word carries exactly one hiatus. Name the tengwa that carries it and which vowel rides above, which below.

  1. nomei
  2. hurao
  3. maeli
  4. phelui
  5. whunei

Part D: Rómen or órë? For each word, name the r-form its own r takes.

  1. roela
  2. keruko
  3. repha
  4. kuroi
  5. hurao

Part E: Translate into Phi. Use the bare-verb pattern chapter 1 opened with, or the nai pattern chapter 6 closed with.

  1. I read a book.
  2. I teach a student.
  3. The path is quiet.
  4. I trust a friend.
  5. I write a name.

Part F: A line of your own. Choose four or five words from the appendix's vocabulary table and write one short line by hand (a greeting, a single sentence, a name). Check every tengwa and every tehta against the tables in chapters 2 and 3 before you trust it. There is no key for Part F. The check was always going to be your own hand against the page.

Answer key

Part A. 1: calma. 2: h. 3: harma. 4: w. 5: númen.

Part B. 6: melu: m carries e, l carries u. 7: manuwe: m carries a, n carries u, w carries e. 8: shonela: sh carries o, n carries e, l carries a. 9: keruko: k carries e, r carries u, k carries o. 10: towe: t carries o, w carries e.

Part C. 11: nomei: malta carries the hiatus, e above, i below (númen, first, carries only o). 12: hurao: órë carries the hiatus, a above, o below (the r is internal, so órë, not rómen; this item also belongs to Part D). 13: maeli: malta carries the hiatus, a above, e below. 14: phelui: lambë carries the hiatus, u above, i below. 15: whunei: númen carries the hiatus, e above, i below.

Part D. 16: roela: rómen (word-initial). 17: keruko: órë (word-internal). 18: repha: rómen (word-initial). 19: kuroi: órë (word-internal). 20: hurao: órë (word-internal).

Part E. 21.


mia shelu theo.
1SG book read.

22.


mia thunai thumela.
1SG student teach.

23.


ruela maeli nai.
path quiet be.

24.


mia melu theomi.
1SG friend trust.

25.


mia nomei thekiro.
1SG name write.
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